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Uterine leiomyomata in pregnancy
F Hasan1, K Arumugam, V Sivanesaratnam
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Summary
Uterine leiomyomata (fibroids) in pregnancy are rare, affecting 1 in 1033 deliveries. Larger fibroids (>6 cm) are linked to complications like malpresentation and increased Cesarean delivery rates.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Reproductive Medicine
Background:
- Uterine leiomyomata, commonly known as fibroids, are frequent benign tumors in women of reproductive age.
- Their presence during pregnancy can lead to various maternal and fetal complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a series of cases of uterine leiomyomata diagnosed during pregnancy.
- To analyze the incidence, clinical presentation, antenatal complications, and perinatal outcomes associated with uterine fibroids in pregnancy.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series analysis of sixty pregnant patients diagnosed with uterine leiomyomata.
- Data collected included patient demographics, obstetric history, fibroid characteristics, antenatal complications, mode of delivery, and maternal/fetal outcomes.
Main Results:
- The incidence of uterine leiomyomata in pregnancy was 1 in 1033 deliveries.
- Common antenatal complications included malpresentation (associated with fibroids >6 cm) and red degeneration (10% of cases).
- Cesarean section rate was high (73%), primarily due to obstructed labor, with 10% experiencing severe hemorrhage requiring hysterectomy in 3 cases. No perinatal deaths occurred.
Conclusions:
- Uterine leiomyomata in pregnancy, though uncommon, are associated with significant obstetric complications.
- Close monitoring and management are crucial, with a high likelihood of Cesarean delivery and potential for severe hemorrhage.