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Thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoimmunity in Saudi type 2 diabetics.

D H Akbar1, M M Ahmed, J Al-Mughales

  • 1King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. daadakb@yahoo.com

Acta Diabetologica
|May 20, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity are more common in Saudi type 2 diabetes patients. Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65ab) were also more prevalent in this group, suggesting a link between these endocrine conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease are prevalent endocrine disorders.
  • Understanding the interplay between these conditions is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between thyroid dysfunction, thyroid autoimmunity, and Saudi type 2 diabetics.
  • To explore the relationship between GAD65ab and thyroid autoimmunity/dysfunction in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A random sample of 100 Saudi type 2 diabetics and 100 matched controls were studied.
  • Prevalence of GAD65ab, thyroid autoimmunity, and thyroid dysfunction were assessed.
  • Statistical analyses were performed to determine significant associations.

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Main Results:

  • GAD65ab were significantly more common in diabetics (26%) than controls (2%).
  • Thyroid autoimmunity (10% vs 5%) and thyroid dysfunction (16% vs 7%) were also more prevalent in Saudi type 2 diabetics.
  • GAD65ab-positive diabetics showed higher rates of thyroid autoimmunity (27%) and dysfunction (42%) compared to GAD65ab-negative diabetics.

Conclusions:

  • Thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity are common comorbidities in Saudi type 2 diabetes patients.
  • The presence of GAD65ab may indicate an increased risk for thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction.
  • Further research on the cost-effectiveness of thyroid screening in diabetics is warranted.