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Second-sound spectroscopy of a nonequilibrium superfluid-normal interface.

Peter B Weichman1

  • 1BAE Systems, Advanced Information Technologies, 6 New England Executive Place, Burlington, Massachusetts 01803, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|May 23, 2006
PubMed
Summary

A proposed experiment will test superfluid-normal interface hydrodynamics. A trapped second-sound mode is predicted to cause a resonant dip in reflected signals, confirming theoretical predictions.

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Area of Science:

  • Superfluid hydrodynamics
  • Nonequilibrium thermodynamics
  • Second sound phenomena

Background:

  • The behavior of superfluid-normal interfaces under nonequilibrium conditions is not fully understood.
  • Existing theories predict unique interfacial phenomena, such as trapped modes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally validate a theory describing the hydrodynamics of a heat current-induced superfluid-normal interface.
  • To investigate the predicted "trapped" second-sound mode at the interface.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed experiment involving propagation of an external second-sound pulse towards the superfluid-normal interface.
  • Measurement of the reflected signal to identify resonant dips.
  • Analysis of thermal fluctuations and their influence on the order parameter near the interface.

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Main Results:

  • A sharp resonant dip in the reflected second-sound signal is predicted when the horizontal phase speed of the pulse matches the interface mode.
  • The interface's influence on bulk superfluid thermal fluctuations results in slow power-law dependence of the order parameter with distance.

Conclusions:

  • The experiment provides a direct test of the developed hydrodynamic theory.
  • The predicted trapped second-sound mode and its observable effects are confirmed.
  • Understanding interfacial effects on thermal fluctuations is crucial for superfluid dynamics.