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Cerebral preconditioning and ischaemic tolerance.
1Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. gidday@wustl.edu
Nature Reviews. Neuroscience
|May 23, 2006
Summary
The mammalian brain can adapt to injury, like stroke, through a process called preconditioning. This adaptation enhances brain resilience and cell survival against subsequent damage.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Neurobiology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Adaptation is a fundamental physiological principle, extending from species to molecular levels.
- Evidence suggests the mammalian brain can be coaxed to adapt to injurious insults like cerebral ischemia.
- This adaptation aims to promote cell survival against subsequent injury.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the understanding of how preconditioning stimuli induce cerebroprotection.
- To explain the concept of cerebral ischemic tolerance.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing evidence on brain adaptation to injury.
- Focus on preconditioning stimuli and their effects.
Main Results:
- Preconditioning triggers a protective phenotype in the brain.
- This involves coordinated genomic, molecular, cellular, and tissue-level responses.
Conclusions:
- Cerebral ischemic tolerance is a preconditioning-induced cerebroprotective state.
- Understanding this process is key to promoting brain resilience after injury.