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Related Experiment Videos

Microbiologicals for deactivating mycotoxins.

Gerd Schatzmayr1, Florian Zehner, Martin Täubel

  • 1Biomin GmbH, Herzogenburg, Austria.

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
|May 23, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Microbial biotransformation offers a novel strategy to combat mycotoxicoses in animals. Specific microbial strains, including Eubacterium BBSH 797 and Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans, effectively degrade harmful mycotoxins in the animal gut.

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Area of Science:

  • * Animal Science
  • * Microbiology
  • * Toxicology

Background:

  • * Mycotoxins, secondary fungal metabolites, pose significant risks to human and animal health, with five classes (aflatoxins, trichothecenes, zearalenone, ochratoxins, fumonisins) being of major concern in animal husbandry.
  • * Traditional methods using clay minerals as binders are only effective against aflatoxins, necessitating alternative strategies for broader mycotoxin control.
  • * Mycotoxicoses, resulting from fungal toxin ingestion, can cause diverse acute symptoms in animals, impacting livestock health and productivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To explore the potential of microbial biotransformation as a novel strategy to mitigate mycotoxicoses in animals.
  • * To identify and characterize microorganisms capable of deactivating or degrading harmful mycotoxins within the animal intestinal tract.
  • * To evaluate the efficacy of specific microbial strains in reducing mycotoxin toxicity prior to absorption.

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Main Methods:

  • * Isolation and characterization of a novel Eubacterium strain (BBSH 797) from bovine rumen fluid, with a focus on its ability to deactivate trichothecenes.
  • * In vitro and in vivo studies to validate the mode of action of Eubacterium BBSH 797 in reducing trichothecene epoxide rings.
  • * Isolation and characterization of a novel yeast strain (Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans) demonstrating the capacity to degrade ochratoxin A and zearalenone.

Main Results:

  • * Eubacterium BBSH 797 effectively deactivates trichothecenes through the reduction of their epoxide ring, as confirmed by in vitro and in vivo experiments.
  • * A novel yeast strain, identified as Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans, was successfully isolated and characterized for its ability to degrade ochratoxin A and zearalenone.
  • * These microbial biotransformation capabilities were demonstrated to occur within the animal's intestinal tract, prior to mycotoxin absorption.

Conclusions:

  • * Microbial biotransformation represents a promising and specific approach to control mycotoxicoses in animal husbandry.
  • * The identified strains, Eubacterium BBSH 797 and Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans, offer targeted solutions for deactivating specific mycotoxins, addressing limitations of traditional binders.
  • * Further research and application of these microbial agents can significantly improve animal health and safety by reducing the impact of mycotoxin contamination.