[Methodologic and organizational principles of selective screening for cervical, endometrial and ovarian carcinoma]

Data are presented on screening for cervical (CC), endometrial (UC) and ovarian (OC) carcinoma carried out in the Republic of Belarus as well as a discussion of logistic and methodologic aspects of the problem. Local "centers for prevention and early diagnosis of reproductive organ tumors" form the backbone of the national system. They operate on the basis of the existing guidelines about such matters as screening staging, sites, examination procedures used at each stage and suitable distribution of medical personnel (obstetricians, doctor's assistants, gynecologists). A comparison of data on selective screening for CC, UC and OC with those of mass prophylactic examinations and cytological screening for CC showed that selective detection rates for cervical dysplasia were 14 times, and in situ cervical carcinoma--4 times higher. That was followed by lower incidence of invasive CC and absence of advanced cases. Consequently, the share of endometrial hyperplasia cases rose 3.5-fold, uterine myoma--3-fold and adenomyosoma--1.5-fold. identified atypical endometrial hyperplasia, in situ cancer and endometrial stage I in "clinically healthy" women. The rates of detection of such tumor-like ovarian formations as follicular, lutein, endometrioid and para-ovarian cysts increased 2.3-fold, benign tumors--2.2-fold and polycystosis--twofold.