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Risk factors for psychological distress following injury
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK. s.mason@sheffield.ac.uk
The British Journal of Clinical Psychology
|May 25, 2006
Summary
Predicting psychological distress after injury is possible. Key factors include initial anxiety, depression, prior mental health issues, early PTSD symptoms, and litigation, explaining significant outcome variance.
Area of Science:
- Trauma care and mental health research.
- Psychological outcomes following injury.
Background:
- Psychological morbidity is a significant concern for injured patients.
- Identifying predictors of psychological distress is crucial for effective intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify predictors of psychological morbidity in patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) following injury.
- To understand factors influencing psychological outcomes at six and eighteen months post-injury.
Main Methods:
- A prospective cohort study involving male ED attenders.
- Utilized validated scales for anxiety, depression, personality, pain, recovery, stress, and PTSD.
- Multivariate analysis examined pre-morbid, accident-related, and recovery factors.
Main Results:
- Initial anxiety and depression levels were strong predictors of outcome.
- Prior mental health history, early PTSD symptoms, and litigation also significantly predicted psychological distress.
- These factors explained 40-60% of the variance in outcomes at six months and 50-60% at eighteen months.
Conclusions:
- Psychological distress following injury is influenced by immediate responses and recovery phase factors.
- Identified predictors can inform the development of screening tools for at-risk individuals.
- Further research is needed to translate these predictors into a clinical screening tool.
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