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Literacy and mental disorders.

Barbara Maughan1, Julia Carroll

  • 1MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. b.maughan@iop.kcl.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Psychiatry
|May 25, 2006
PubMed
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Children with literacy problems face higher risks for psychiatric disorders like ADHD and anxiety. These conditions can influence each other, requiring separate treatments for optimal outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Literacy problems are common in childhood.
  • Psychiatric disorders significantly impact child development.
  • The interplay between literacy and mental health requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the comorbidity of literacy problems and psychiatric disorders in children.
  • To explore potential factors contributing to these associations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent research.
  • Analysis of studies examining literacy and psychiatric conditions.
  • Exploration of shared genetic and environmental factors.

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Main Results:

  • Significant overlap exists between literacy challenges and emotional/behavioral difficulties.
  • Shared genetic factors may link literacy issues with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  • Bidirectional influences observed: disruptive behaviors affect reading, and reading failure increases behavioral risks.
  • Anxiety disorders are linked to reading failure stressors, not solely inattentiveness.
  • Poor readers may be vulnerable to depression; children with autism often struggle with reading comprehension.

Conclusions:

  • Literacy problems increase the risk for both externalizing and internalizing psychiatric disorders in children.
  • Distinct mechanisms underlie the associations between literacy and different psychiatric conditions.
  • Comorbid conditions necessitate individualized treatment approaches.