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Methylxanthine induced small intestinal secretion.

P G Brady, T M Bayless

    The Johns Hopkins Medical Journal
    |June 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Methylxanthines like theophylline and caffeine increase intestinal fluid secretion. Caffeine acts as a potent secretagogue, similar to cholera toxin, when administered directly into the intestine.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Methylxanthines are known phosphodiesterase inhibitors that increase cyclic AMP levels.
    • Increased cyclic AMP is predicted to stimulate net intestinal fluid secretion.
    • The intraluminal effects of methylxanthines on intestinal fluid transport were previously undetermined.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the effects of intraluminal methylxanthines on intestinal fluid transport.
    • To compare the effects of caffeine and theophylline on isolated rat jejunum loops.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolated loops of rat jejunum were perfused in vivo with solutions containing caffeine or theophylline.
    • Net fluid absorption was measured in both neonatal and mature rats.

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    Main Results:

    • Theophylline exposure led to decreased net fluid absorption in both neonatal and mature rats.
    • Caffeine exposure in mature rats induced a rapid secretory response.
    • Caffeine's secretory effect was comparable to that induced by cholera toxin.

    Conclusions:

    • Methylxanthines are potent intestinal secretagogues when administered intraluminally.
    • Intraluminal methylxanthine administration can stimulate intestinal secretion.
    • This secretory stimulation may contribute to gastrointestinal symptoms observed in humans after methylxanthine ingestion.