Surgery for epilepsy.

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Neurosurgery

Background:

• Epilepsy surgery is underutilized globally, often due to misconceptions regarding its safety and effectiveness.
• Children with epilepsy could significantly benefit from early seizure remission and reduced reliance on anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs).

Purpose of the Study:

• To address misconceptions and promote the established safety and efficacy of epilepsy surgery.
• To highlight advancements in techniques for mapping the epileptogenic zone and controlling seizures.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing less invasive techniques like electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and magnetoencephalography (MEG) to map the epileptogenic zone.
• Exploring reversible strategies such as neurostimulation and neuromodulation for seizure control.
• Conducting two multicenter trials on thalamic and cortical stimulation with advanced technology.

Main Results:

• Ongoing trials are evaluating novel neurostimulation technologies for epilepsy treatment.
• Advancements focus on improving the precision of epileptogenic zone mapping.
• The study emphasizes the potential for improved seizure control and patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Epilepsy surgery is a safe and effective treatment option that is currently underused.
• Technological advancements in mapping and neurostimulation are expected to increase the adoption and success of epilepsy surgery.
• Further research and public education are crucial to overcome existing barriers to epilepsy surgery.