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Multifocal osteonecrosis in HIV/AIDS: a case report.

A L Akinyoola1, I A Adediran, L M Oginni

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. aakinyoola@yahoo.co.uk

West African Journal of Medicine
|May 26, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Long-term survival in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection patients on antiretroviral therapy can lead to unexpected complications. This case highlights osteonecrosis of the humeral and femoral heads in an HIV/AIDS patient.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Geriatric Medicine

Background:

  • Antiretroviral therapy has significantly improved longevity for patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.
  • Increased survival rates have led to the emergence of previously undocumented long-term complications.
  • Osteonecrosis is a potential complication associated with chronic conditions and their treatments.

Observation:

  • A 56-year-old trader presented with a seven-month history of bilateral shoulder and hip pain.
  • The patient had a confirmed diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS).
  • Symptoms included progressive pain affecting major joints.

Findings:

  • Laboratory investigations and radiographic imaging confirmed osteonecrosis affecting both humeral heads and femoral heads.

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  • The patient was undergoing treatment with antiretroviral drugs.
  • Diagnosis indicated avascular necrosis of bone in multiple joints.

    • Implications:

    • This case underscores the importance of recognizing osteonecrosis as a potential complication in long-term HIV/AIDS management.
    • Early diagnosis and conservative management are crucial for addressing joint disorders in this population.
    • Further research into the pathogenesis and optimal treatment strategies for HIV-associated osteonecrosis is warranted.