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A Procedure to Observe Context-induced Renewal of Pavlovian-conditioned Alcohol-seeking Behavior in Rats

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Published on: September 19, 2014

Conditional responding is impaired in chronic alcoholics.

Helmut Hildebrandt¹, B Brokate, E Hoffmann

¹Department of Neurology, Municipal Hospital of Bremen, Bremen, Germany. helmut.hildebrandt@uni-oldenburg.de

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

|May 26, 2006

Summary

Long-term alcohol abuse impairs executive functions, specifically conditional responding and inhibiting pre-potent responses. This study found deficits in object alternation and incompatibility tasks in dependent individuals.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Addiction is linked to executive function deficits, including decision-making and response inhibition.
Bechara's model proposes these deficits are central to addiction.

Purpose of the Study:

To test Bechara's model of executive function deficits in long-term alcohol dependency.
To investigate specific impairments in decision-making and response inhibition.

Main Methods:

29 long-term alcohol-dependent individuals and 20 controls were assessed.
Executive functions were measured using word fluency, object alternation, spatial incompatibility, extra-dimensional shift learning, and the Gambling task.
Performance was analyzed by subtracting control condition scores from executive condition scores.

Main Results:

Significant differences between groups were found only in object alternation and incompatibility tasks.
Response times in object alternation correlated with the duration of alcohol dependency.
No specific deficits in decision-making or shifting representations were evident.

Conclusions:

Long-term alcohol abuse impairs conditional responding.
Impairments are linked to reliance on previous reactions or inhibiting pre-potent response patterns.
The findings do not fully support Bechara's model regarding specific decision-making or shifting deficits.