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Reduced pulmonary function in children with the Fontan circulation affects their exercise capacity.
Iren Lindbak Matthews1, Per Morten Fredriksen, Per G Bjørnstad
1Paediatric Department, Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergology Unit, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. iren.matthews@rikshospitalet.no
Cardiology in the Young
|May 27, 2006
Summary
Children with Fontan circulation show reduced lung diffusing capacity and air trapping, potentially impacting exercise capacity. This study highlights the link between pulmonary function abnormalities and physical limitations in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Children with functionally univentricular hearts often undergo total cavopulmonary connection surgery.
- The resulting Fontan circulation bypasses the heart, linking venous return directly to pulmonary arteries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate pulmonary function impairments in children with Fontan circulation.
- To determine the relationship between abnormal lung function and decreased exercise capacity.
Main Methods:
- Spirometry, whole body plethysmography, and single-breath carbon monoxide test were performed on 33 children (aged 8-16) with total cavopulmonary connection.
- A peak treadmill exercise test was conducted to assess exercise capacity.
Main Results:
- Reduced diffusing capacity (mean 66.5% predicted) and air trapping (indicated by plethysmography residual volume of 146.8%) were observed.
- Peak exercise capacity was significantly reduced (mean 70.0% predicted).
- Lung function parameters correlated with exercise test results.
Conclusions:
- Children with Fontan circulation exhibit impaired pulmonary diffusing capacity and air trapping, likely due to altered pulmonary circulation.
- Pulmonary function abnormalities may significantly contribute to reduced physical capacity in these children.