Peripartal endocrine changes associated with retained placenta in dairy cows

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Reproductive Endocrinology
• Dairy Science

Background:

• Retained placenta (RP) is a common postpartum complication in dairy cows, impacting animal health and productivity.
• Early identification of cows at risk for RP is crucial for timely intervention and improved outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate peripheral serum concentrations of prostaglandin F(2)alpha metabolite (PGFM), cortisol, and progesterone (P(4)) in cows with and without retained placentae.
• To determine if prepartal hormonal changes can serve as reliable indicators for predicting retained placenta in dairy cows.

Main Methods:

• Serum samples were collected from 46 cows (18 RP, 28 NRP) from 15 days before to 15 days after parturition.
• Concentrations of PGFM, cortisol, and P(4) were measured using validated assays.
• Hormonal profiles and significant differences between RP and NRP groups were statistically analyzed.

Main Results:

• RP cows exhibited significant prepartal increases in PGFM (7-6 days before parturition) and cortisol (starting Day 6 before parturition, peaking 3 days prior).
• Total peripartum PGFM secretion was significantly higher in RP cows compared to NRP cows.
• Serum progesterone (P(4)) concentrations did not differ between the two groups during the peripartal period.

Conclusions:

• Elevated prepartal serum PGFM and cortisol concentrations are potential reliable indicators for predicting retained placenta in dairy cows.
• These hormonal markers may facilitate early diagnosis and management strategies for retained placenta, improving herd health.