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Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
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Next-day memory impairment with triazolam use.

E O Bixler1, A Kales, R L Manfredi

  • 1Sleep Research and Treatment Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey 17033.

Lancet (London, England)
|April 6, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Triazolam, a sedative-hypnotic, frequently caused next-day memory impairment and amnesia in users. Temazepam and placebo did not show these significant memory deficits, indicating triazolam

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed for insomnia.
  • Understanding the cognitive side effects of short-acting benzodiazepines is crucial for patient safety.
  • Triazolam and temazepam are both short-acting benzodiazepines with differing pharmacokinetic profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence, rate, and degree of next-day memory impairment after bedtime administration of triazolam, temazepam, and placebo.
  • To compare the memory-impairing effects of triazolam versus temazepam and placebo.
  • To investigate the relationship between drug use and the occurrence of memory deficits.

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, parallel-group study design was employed.
  • Participants received either triazolam, temazepam, or placebo as a bedtime dose.
  • Next-day memory for activities and immediate/delayed recall were assessed.

Main Results:

  • 5 out of 6 subjects in the triazolam group reported next-day memory impairment/amnesia (40% rate).
  • No memory impairment episodes were reported in the temazepam or placebo groups.
  • Impairment of delayed recall was significantly greater with triazolam compared to temazepam or placebo.

Conclusions:

  • Triazolam is associated with a high incidence of next-day memory impairment/amnesia.
  • Cognitive impairments from triazolam may represent a spectrum of organic brain dysfunction.
  • Temazepam did not demonstrate significant next-day memory impairment in this study.