[Mumps--still actual epidemiological problem in Poland]

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Epidemiology
• Immunology

Context:

• Mumps is a contagious viral infection primarily impacting salivary glands, with potential severe complications including aseptic meningitis and encephalitis.
• Global mumps incidence remains high in unvaccinated populations, exhibiting epidemic peaks every 2-5 years, predominantly affecting children aged 5-9.
• Poland's mumps morbidity rates fluctuate between 50-560 per 100,000 population, with low seroprevalence noted in children under 4.

Purpose:

• This review analyzes the clinical manifestations, epidemiology, and vaccine data for mumps.
• It evaluates the immunogenicity, effectiveness, and safety of various mumps vaccines.
• The study provides an overview of the mumps epidemiological situation in Poland, focusing on the national immunization program.

Summary:

• High vaccination coverage, particularly above 80% for one dose and 97% for two doses, significantly reduces mumps morbidity.
• Low seroprevalence in Polish children (75% seronegative in 1-4 age group as of 2003) indicates a need for increased childhood vaccination coverage.
• Insufficient childhood vaccination may lead to a shift in mumps incidence to older age groups, suggesting the consideration of adult vaccination.

Impact:

• Achieving high childhood mumps vaccination coverage (≥80%) is essential for disease control and prevention of complications.
• The review highlights the importance of monitoring seroprevalence and vaccination rates to inform public health strategies.
• Consideration of adult mumps vaccination is recommended if a substantial portion of the adult population remains susceptible.