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Comparing phylogenetic codivergence between polyomaviruses and their hosts.

Marcos Pérez-Losada1, Ryan G Christensen, David A McClellan

  • 1Department of Integrative Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-5181, USA. mp323@byu.edu

Journal of Virology
|May 30, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Polyomaviruses in birds and mammals diverged into distinct groups, suggesting a genus split. These viruses coevolved with hosts, with evidence of both vertical and horizontal gene transfer.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Polyomaviruses infect a wide range of avian and mammalian hosts.
  • Understanding their evolutionary history is crucial for comprehending viral diversity and host-pathogen interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reconstruct the evolutionary relationships of polyomaviruses using full genome sequences.
  • To investigate the coevolutionary patterns between polyomaviruses and their hosts.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic inference using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods on 72 full polyomavirus genomes.
  • Cophylogenetic reconciliation analysis to assess codivergence with host phylogenies.

Main Results:

  • Phylogenetic analysis clearly separated avian polyomaviruses from mammalian polyomaviruses, supporting a genus split.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Mammalian polyomaviruses, including simian and rodent groups, did not form monophyletic clades.
  • Cophylogenetic analysis revealed significant codivergence between polyomaviruses and their hosts, with evidence of host switching in specific lineages.

    • Conclusions:

    • The findings support splitting the Polyomaviridae genus into two subgenera based on host type (avian vs. mammalian).
    • Polyomaviruses have a long history of coevolution with their hosts, involving both vertical transmission and host switching (horizontal transfer).
    • This study provides a robust framework for understanding polyomavirus evolution and diversification.