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Memory lineage relationships in HTLV-1-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells
Julie M Johnson-Nauroth1, Jerome Graber, Karen Yao
1Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Pathology Building 627, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287-6965, United States.
Abstract:
Cytotoxic memory T cells play a critical role in combating viral infections; however, in some diseases they may contribute to tissue damage. In HAM/TSP, HTLV-1 Tax 11-19+ cells proliferate spontaneously in vitro and can be tracked using the Tax 11-19 MHC Class I tetramer. Immediately ex vivo, these cells were a mix of CD45RA-/CCR7- TEM and CD45RA+/CCR7- TDiff memory CTL. The subsequent proliferating Tax 11-19 tetramer+ population expressed low levels of IL-7Ralpha, failed to respond to IL-7 and IL-15, and did not develop a TCM phenotype. Thus, chronic exposure to viral antigen may result in a sustained pool of TEM cells that home to the CNS and mediate the spinal cord pathology seen in this disease.
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