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Attenuation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function by apigenin
Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay1, Jean-Marc Lion, Romuald Mentaverri
1Genetics and Aging Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
Biochemical Pharmacology
|June 6, 2006
Summary
Apigenin, a natural flavone, prevents bone loss by inhibiting osteoclast formation and activity. It also affects osteoblast and adipocyte cells, suggesting broad benefits for bone health.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Bone Physiology
Background:
- Osteoporosis is a significant health concern characterized by bone loss.
- Cytokines like TNFalpha and IFNgamma play critical roles in bone remodeling and inflammation.
- Flavonoids, such as apigenin, are being investigated for their potential therapeutic effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the physiological effects of apigenin on bone cells.
- To determine if apigenin can inhibit osteoclastogenic cytokine production.
- To assess apigenin's impact on osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation and osteoclast formation.
Main Methods:
- MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cell line treated with TNFalpha and IFNgamma.
- 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation assays.
- RAW 264.7 cell line and primary mouse bone marrow cells treated with RANKL and MCSF.
- Apigenin treatment at varying concentrations (5-20 microM).
- Analysis of cytokine secretion, gene expression (mRNA), cell differentiation, apoptosis, and bone resorption.
Main Results:
- Apigenin inhibited TNFalpha-induced secretion of IL-6, RANTES, MCP-1, and MCP-3 in osteoblasts.
- Apigenin reduced IFNgamma-stimulated secretion of CXCL-9 and -10.
- Apigenin inhibited adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and upregulated BMP-6 mRNA.
- Apigenin suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation markers (TRAP, RANK, c-Fms) and osteoclast formation.
- Apigenin induced apoptosis of mature osteoclasts and inhibited bone resorption.
Conclusions:
- Apigenin exhibits multiple beneficial effects on osteoblasts, adipocytes, and osteoclasts.
- Apigenin's inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and promotion of osteogenesis suggest potential for preventing bone loss.
- These findings highlight apigenin as a promising therapeutic agent for bone diseases.
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