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Updated: Aug 8, 2026
Measurements of Motor Function and Other Clinical Outcome Parameters in Ambulant Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Published on: January 12, 2019
A modified Hammersmith functional motor scale for use in multi-center research on spinal muscular atrophy
Kristin J Krosschell1, Jo Anne Maczulski, Thomas O Crawford
1Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Suite 1100, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. k-krosschell@northwestern.edu
Abstract:
The Hammersmith functional motor scale for children with spinal muscular atrophy was modified to establish a standard measure of functional ability in children with non-ambulant spinal muscular atrophy types 2 and 3 in a longitudinal multi-center clinical trial. This study assessed the intra- and interrater reliability and the test-retest stability of a modified version of the scale. Both intra- and interrater reliability were established. Results indicate that the scale is reliable and stable over a 6 month period. Reliability was maintained when patient sample criteria were expanded to include children younger than 30 months and children with popliteal angles greater than 20 degrees . These data establish the modified Hammersmith functional motor scale for children with spinal muscular atrophy as a reliable instrument for use in multi-center treatment trials in non-ambulant spinal muscular atrophy children. Our data provides additional support for the use of original scale items in terms of ease of administration, usefulness and reliability, while incorporating modifications to optimize its use in a multi-center clinical research setting.
