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Kinesiophobia in migraine.

Isabel Pavão Martins1, Raquel Gil Gouveia, Elsa Parreira

  • 1Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon Faculty of Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal. labling@fm.ul.pt

The Journal of Pain
|June 6, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Movement avoidance (kinesiophobia) and pain aggravation during movement are key indicators differentiating migraine from tension-type headaches. These symptoms, particularly bending forward or head jolts, aid in accurate headache diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Headache Medicine

Background:

  • Movement-induced pain and fear of movement (kinesiophobia) are common in migraine patients.
  • The diagnostic value of kinesiophobia in primary headaches remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency and severity of kinesiophobia during migraine attacks.
  • To assess the role of kinesiophobia in differentiating migraine from tension-type headache (TTH).

Main Methods:

  • 150 patients (111 migraine, 39 TTH) were surveyed about pain aggravation from bending forward, head jolts, and immobility.
  • Pain worsening was measured using a visual analog scale and compared to sensory stimuli.
  • Diagnostic discrimination power was calculated against the International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria.

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Main Results:

  • Kinesiophobia symptoms demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing migraine from TTH.
  • Bending forward: 98%/85.7%, Jolt: 96.3%/81.6%, Immobility: 100%/70%.
  • Kinesiophobia severity in migraineurs was comparable to photophobia and phonophobia.

Conclusions:

  • Kinesiophobia effectively discriminates between migraine and TTH.
  • Assessing pain aggravation from bending forward and head jolts can aid in differentiating headache types.
  • Kinesiophobia is a sensitive and specific, easily screenable symptom linked to migraine pathophysiology.