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Measles in Ibadan: a continuous scourge.

I A Lagunju1, A E Orimadegun, D G Oyedemi

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. ilagunju@comui.edu.ng

African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences
|June 7, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Measles is a significant threat to Nigerian children, with many cases occurring before the recommended vaccination age. Improving immunization practices and living standards is crucial for measles eradication.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Measles remains a leading cause of childhood mortality and blindness globally, particularly in developing nations.
  • Despite a safe and effective vaccine, measles poses a significant public health challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate changes in the pattern of measles cases over a 5-year period at Oni Memorial Children's Hospital, Ibadan.
  • To identify factors contributing to measles incidence, complications, and mortality in Nigerian children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 666 measles cases admitted between January 2000 and December 2004.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, vaccination status, clinical presentation, complications, and outcomes.

Main Results:

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  • A marked increase in measles incidence was observed in 2003.
  • The majority of affected children (74.1%) were 2 years old or younger, with 20.4% contracting measles before 9 months of age.
  • Bronchopneumonia was the most common complication (45.2%), and the case fatality rate was 8.4%, with young age and malnutrition being significant mortality factors.

Conclusions:

  • Measles continues to be a major health threat to Nigerian children, with a substantial number infected before the recommended vaccination age.
  • There is an urgent need to review and strengthen immunization policies and practices in Nigeria.
  • Improving living standards is essential to support measles eradication efforts.