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Histamine H2-receptor antagonists.

J K Keithley1

  • 1Rush University, College of Nursing, Chicago, Illinois.

The Nursing Clinics of North America
|June 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Histamine H2-receptor antagonists like cimetidine block histamine action, reducing gastric acid. These drugs effectively treat and prevent ulcers and hypersecretory states, largely replacing older treatments due to their efficacy and safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Histamine stimulates gastric acid secretion via H2 receptors on parietal cells.
  • Peptic and stress ulcers, along with hypersecretory conditions, are significant gastrointestinal issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanism of action and therapeutic applications of histamine H2-receptor antagonists.
  • To highlight the advantages of H2-receptor antagonists over traditional antiulcer therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pharmacological data on histamine H2-receptor antagonists.
  • Analysis of clinical outcomes for H2-receptor antagonist use in ulcer treatment and hypersecretory states.

Main Results:

  • Histamine H2-receptor antagonists (cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizantidine) effectively block histamine-induced gastric acid secretion.

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  • These agents reduce gastric acid output and concentration under basal and stimulated conditions.
  • Significant reduction in peptic and stress ulcers, and management of hypersecretory states observed.

    • Conclusions:

    • Histamine H2-receptor antagonists are highly effective in reducing gastric acid production.
    • Their efficacy and favorable side effect profile have led to their widespread adoption, largely supplanting older antiulcer treatments.