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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Flexible Colonoscopy in Mice to Evaluate the Severity of Colitis and Colorectal Tumors Using a Validated Endoscopic Scoring System
15:49

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Colonic involvement in Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

N Powell1, J M Munro, D Rowbotham

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, London, UK. nick.powell@nhs.net

Postgraduate Medical Journal
|June 7, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) in a teenager caused significant gastrointestinal issues, including bloody diarrhea and malnutrition. Treatment involved nutritional support and probiotics, leading to recovery over six months.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a rare, severe mucocutaneous adverse drug reaction.
  • Gastrointestinal tract involvement is an uncommon but serious manifestation of SJS.
  • Phenytoin is a known trigger for SJS.

Observation:

  • A 17-year-old male presented with SJS secondary to phenytoin use.
  • He exhibited typical SJS lesions (cutaneous, ocular, oral mucosa).
  • Additionally, he developed severe, persistent bloody diarrhea and life-threatening malnutrition.

Findings:

  • Serial colonoscopies revealed severe and progressive colitis.
  • The patient required extensive nutritional support and probiotic therapy.
  • Recovery was achieved over a six-month hospitalization period.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential for severe gastrointestinal complications in SJS.
  • It underscores the importance of recognizing and managing SJS-induced colitis.
  • Aggressive nutritional support and adjunctive therapies may be crucial for patient outcomes.