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Kidney transplantation from donors with viral B and C hepatitis

P Veroux1, M Veroux, V Sparacino

  • 1Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Advanced Technologies, Organ Transplant Unit, University Hospital, Catania, Italy. veroux@unict.it

Transplantation Proceedings
|June 8, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Kidney transplants from donors with hepatitis B (HBV) or hepatitis C (HCV) are safe for matched recipients. This approach can reduce waiting times for patients needing organ transplants.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Transplantation Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) treatment relies heavily on kidney transplantation.
  • A significant shortage of donor organs poses a challenge to ESRD management.
  • Utilizing organs from donors with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) is explored to address organ scarcity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transplanting kidneys from HBV- or HCV-positive donors into serologically matched recipients.
  • To assess graft and patient survival rates in these specific transplant scenarios.
  • To determine the impact of using positive-serology donors on reducing waiting list times for kidney transplant candidates.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of kidney transplantations performed between January 2002 and November 2005.
  • Study included 44 hepatitis C virus (HCV)-seropositive recipients and 14 hepatitis B virus (HBV)-seropositive recipients.
  • Comparison of outcomes based on donor serology (positive vs. negative for HCV/HBV) in matched recipients.

Main Results:

  • Among HCV-positive recipients, graft survival was 90% (donor HCV+) and 88% (donor HCV-); patient survival was 100% and 94%, respectively.
  • In HBV-positive recipients, all patients receiving grafts from HBsAg-positive donors showed HBV-DNA positivity post-transplant.
  • Patient and graft survival rates were 100% for both HBV donor groups (positive and negative).
  • Viral reactivation was observed in 21.4% of HCV+ recipients from HCV+ donors versus 6% from HCV- donors.

Conclusions:

  • Kidneys from HBV- and HCV-positive donors can be a viable alternative source for transplantation.
  • Transplanting into serologically matched recipients is a safe strategy.
  • This approach can effectively shorten the waiting time for kidney transplant candidates.
Abstract

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