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Related Experiment Videos

Autonomic changes during wake-sleep transition: a heart rate variability based approach.

Zvi Shinar1, Solange Akselrod, Yaron Dagan

  • 1Abramson Center for Medical Physics, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. zshinar@gmail.com

Autonomic Neuroscience : Basic & Clinical
|June 9, 2006
PubMed
Summary

The transition from wakefulness to sleep involves significant autonomic nervous system changes, with a shift towards parasympathetic predominance. Patients with sleep apnea (OSAS) and various sleep disorders (VSD) show increased sympathetic activity during this period.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Sleep Science
  • Autonomic Neuroscience

Background:

  • Autonomic function during sleep and wakefulness is well-studied, but the transition period remains less understood.
  • Characterizing autonomic changes during sleep onset is crucial for understanding normal and abnormal sleep physiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To non-invasively characterize autonomic function and physiological changes during sleep onset in normal and abnormal sleep.
  • To compare autonomic responses during sleep onset in healthy individuals, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients, and various sleep disorder (VSD) patients.

Main Methods:

  • Time-frequency analysis of RR interval series to assess autonomic function (VLF, LF, HF power).
  • Calculation of sympathovagal balance using the LF/HF ratio.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Whole-night polysomnography in 34 subjects across three groups: normal, OSAS, and VSD.

    • Main Results:

    • Sleep onset was associated with increased RR interval, decreased variability, and stabilized respiration.
    • Very-low-frequency power decreased before sleep onset; LF power decreased while HF power remained stable, leading to reduced sympathovagal balance (parasympathetic shift).
    • OSAS and VSD patients exhibited higher sympathovagal balance (sympathetic predominance) compared to normal subjects, both before and after sleep onset.

    Conclusions:

    • The wake-sleep transition is a dynamic process involving a reset of autonomic function, starting with altered heart rate oscillations.
    • A decrease in sympathovagal balance towards parasympathetic predominance characterizes the end of the sleep onset process.
    • Elevated sympathetic activity in OSAS and VSD patients suggests distinct autonomic profiles in these sleep disorders.