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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Published on: February 13, 2021
Diagnosis and management of stage a heart failure
Mohan Shenoy1, Carrie B Chapman, M Zaim Nawaz
1Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792-3220, USA.
Insights
Preventing new heart failure cases is key to reducing costs. Identifying and treating at-risk patients, defined as Stage A heart failure patients with risk factors but no damage, can significantly lower heart failure incidence.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- The heart failure epidemic incurs significant monetary and societal costs.
- Effective prevention strategies are crucial for managing heart failure.
- Identifying and treating at-risk individuals is paramount for prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recognized and less common risk factors for Stage A heart failure.
- To discuss the impact of risk factor modification on heart failure incidence.
- To emphasize the role of healthcare providers in public health through heart failure prevention.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of guidelines and data on heart failure risk factors.
- Analysis of risk factors defining Stage A heart failure patients.
- Examination of evidence supporting risk factor modification efficacy.
Main Results:
- Stage A heart failure patients have risk factors like coronary heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes without cardiovascular damage.
- Modification of identified risk factors has been shown to reduce heart failure incidence.
- A large population is at risk, highlighting the need for increased awareness and treatment.
Conclusions:
- Aggressive treatment and increased awareness of heart failure risk factors are essential.
- Healthcare providers play a critical role in impacting heart failure as a public health concern.
- Preventing new heart failure cases through early intervention is the most effective approach.
Abstract:
Reduction of the monetary and societal costs of the heart failure epidemic can best be achieved by prevention of new heart failure cases. To effectively prevent heart failure, patients at risk must be identified and treated. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines for Evaluation and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult define the stage A heart failure patient as one with identified risk factors for heart failure, particularly coronary heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes, but no evidence of cardiovascular damage. In this review, the authors discuss the commonly recognized, as well as some less commonly recognized, risk factors that define the stage A patient. The authors also discuss data demonstrating that risk factor modification can reduce heart failure incidence. Given the size of the population at risk, through increased awareness of heart failure risk and aggressive treatment, health care providers can critically impact this public health concern.
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