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A constitutive law for dense granular flows.

Pierre Jop1, Yoël Forterre, Olivier Pouliquen

  • 1IUSTI, CNRS UMR 6595, Université de Provence, 5 rue Enrico Fermi, 13453 Marseille cedex 13, France. Pierre.Jop@polytech.univ-mrs.fr

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This study introduces a new visco-plastic model for dense granular flows, accurately predicting flow behavior without fitting parameters. This offers a unified approach for modeling geophysical hazards and industrial processes.

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Area of Science:

  • * Rheology and Continuum Mechanics
  • * Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
  • * Material Science

Background:

  • * Constitutive equations for dry granular flows are debated, especially in the intermediate dense regime.
  • * Granular materials exhibit solid, liquid, and gas-like behaviors, complicating modeling.
  • * Existing models address rapid (kinetic theory) and slow (soil mechanics) flows, but a unified view of dense, liquid-like flow is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To propose a novel constitutive relation for dense granular flows.
  • * To model granular liquids by drawing analogies with visco-plastic fluids.
  • * To validate the proposed model through 3D experimental data.

Main Methods:

  • * Development of a new visco-plastic constitutive relation for dense granular flows.
  • * Experimental investigation of 3D granular flows on a pile with rough sidewalls.
  • * Quantitative comparison of model predictions with experimental flow shape and velocity profiles.

Main Results:

  • * The proposed visco-plastic model accurately predicts granular flow shape and velocity profiles.
  • * The model provides quantitative predictions without requiring any fitting parameters.
  • * The study demonstrates the effectiveness of a visco-plastic approach for dense granular flows.

Conclusions:

  • * A simple visco-plastic framework can quantitatively capture the properties of dense granular flows.
  • * The developed model offers a unified and predictive tool for granular flow phenomena.
  • * This approach has significant potential for modeling complex geophysical and industrial granular flows.