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Neonatal antiphospholipid syndrome.

A M Soares Rolim¹, M Castro, M B Santiago

¹Clínica Pediátrica do Itaigara, Hospital da Criança-Obras Sociais Irmã Dulce and Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil.

|June 10, 2006

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Neonatal Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is rare. This case highlights the risk in infants born to mothers with APS, emphasizing increased surveillance for early detection and management of this serious condition.

Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Pediatrics
Immunology

Background:

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is defined by thrombosis and specific autoantibodies.
Primary APS diagnosis in the mother preceded the infant's condition.
Neonatal APS is a rare but severe complication.

Observation:

A preterm male twin infant born to a mother with primary APS developed severe symptoms post-delivery.
The infant presented with thrombocytopenia, livedo reticularis, pericardial effusion, and venous thrombosis.
Despite intensive treatment, the infant succumbed to the condition at two months of age.

Findings:

Laboratory results confirmed high IgM anticardiolipin antibodies and moderate IgG isotype.
The case presented as neonatal APS, a condition with limited documented cases.

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The etiology may involve transplacental antibody transfer or fetal de novo antibody production.

Implications:

This case underscores the critical need for heightened surveillance of neonates born to mothers with APS or SLE.
Early detection and intervention strategies for neonatal APS require further investigation.
Understanding the pathogenesis of neonatal APS is crucial for improving outcomes.