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Bone loss after total hip arthroplasty.

Diana Dan1, David Germann, Hubert Burki

  • 1Division for Internal Medicine, Hospital Muri, Spitalstrasse, 5630 Muri, AG, Switzerland.

Rheumatology International
|June 10, 2006
PubMed
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Periprosthetic bone loss occurs after hip replacement, particularly in Gruen-Zone 7, unlike other body regions. Cemented femoral stems showed higher rates of previously undiagnosed osteoporosis.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Bone mineral density research
  • Prosthetic joint analysis

Background:

  • Total hip arthroplasty (THA) involves bone remodeling around the prosthesis.
  • Bone mineral density (BMD) changes post-surgery require investigation.
  • Osteoporosis prevalence in THA patients is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate periprosthetic bone loss following THA.
  • To compare bone loss in the periprosthetic region with other body sites.
  • To compare BMD changes in patients with cemented versus uncemented femoral prostheses.

Main Methods:

  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to measure BMD.
  • BMD was assessed in 50 patients (cemented and uncemented THA) within one month and one year post-surgery.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Bone loss was analyzed in specific Gruen zones around the femur.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant BMD loss was observed in the periprosthetic femoral region, most notably in Gruen-Zone 7 (15.2% per year).
    • No significant BMD loss was found in the lumbar spine, radius, or contralateral hip.
    • Osteoporosis was diagnosed in 20% of patients, being more frequent in those with cemented femoral stems.

    Conclusions:

    • Periprosthetic bone loss is likely due to local factors like bone remodeling, not systemic changes.
    • Cemented femoral stems may be associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis.
    • BMD monitoring is crucial in THA patients, especially around the prosthesis.