Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:30

Local Anesthetics: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

6.8K
Local anesthetics (LAs) are drugs that induce a temporary loss of sensation in a limited body area, preventing pain. Cocaine was the first local anesthetic discovered in the late 19th century. Cocaine is a benzoic acid ester obtained from the leaves of coca shrubs and was often used for its psychotropic effects. Cocaine was first isolated in 1860 by Albert Niemann. Sigmund Freud studied the physiological actions of cocaine. Carl Koller later introduced it into clinical practice in 1884 as a...
6.8K
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

829
While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
829
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

1.0K
Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
1.0K
Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics01:13

Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics

1.3K
The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...
1.3K
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

2.2K
Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
2.2K
Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

1.5K
Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

PROSTACYCLIN ANALOGS AND DIABETIC RETINOPATHY OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY HYPERTENSION : A Cohort Analysis.

Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

Eosinophilic esophagitis is associated with increased risk of allergic conjunctivitis: a multicenter cohort study.

Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection·2026
Same author

Using deep learning to identify inherited retinal diseases based on wide-field retinal imaging data.

PloS one·2026
Same author

A deep learning model for automated identification of age-related macular degeneration atrophy.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie·2026
Same author

Tetracyclines and Risk of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy after Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Ophthalmology. Retina·2026
Same author

High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Optimized Minimally Invasive Transscleral Subretinal Injection Technique in Mouse
06:46

Optimized Minimally Invasive Transscleral Subretinal Injection Technique in Mouse

Published on: July 25, 2025

1.2K

Lidocaine hypersensitivity after subconjunctival injection.

Jaime Levy1, Tova Lifshitz

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel. ljaime@bgu.ac.il

Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. Journal Canadien D'Ophtalmologie
|June 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypersensitivity to lidocaine can develop after subconjunctival injection, even with negative patch tests. Allergy was suspected due to recurring symptoms upon re-exposure to lidocaine.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: A Novel Protocol for Intracameral Injections to Enhance Precision in Rodent Ophthalmology
06:19

Author Spotlight: A Novel Protocol for Intracameral Injections to Enhance Precision in Rodent Ophthalmology

Published on: May 31, 2024

1.7K
An Alternative and Validated Injection Method for Accessing the Subretinal Space via a Transcleral Posterior Approach
07:13

An Alternative and Validated Injection Method for Accessing the Subretinal Space via a Transcleral Posterior Approach

Published on: December 7, 2016

14.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Optimized Minimally Invasive Transscleral Subretinal Injection Technique in Mouse
06:46

Optimized Minimally Invasive Transscleral Subretinal Injection Technique in Mouse

Published on: July 25, 2025

1.2K
Author Spotlight: A Novel Protocol for Intracameral Injections to Enhance Precision in Rodent Ophthalmology
06:19

Author Spotlight: A Novel Protocol for Intracameral Injections to Enhance Precision in Rodent Ophthalmology

Published on: May 31, 2024

1.7K
An Alternative and Validated Injection Method for Accessing the Subretinal Space via a Transcleral Posterior Approach
07:13

An Alternative and Validated Injection Method for Accessing the Subretinal Space via a Transcleral Posterior Approach

Published on: December 7, 2016

14.0K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Subconjunctival injections are common in ophthalmology for treating conditions like corneal abscess.
  • Hypersensitivity reactions to local anesthetics, though rare, can occur.

Observation:

  • A 63-year-old male developed eyelid swelling and erythema after subconjunctival injection of lidocaine, cefazolin, and gentamicin for a corneal abscess.
  • Nine months later, similar reactions occurred after a repeat injection including lidocaine, despite negative lidocaine patch tests.
  • A subsequent procedure using lidocaine for local anesthesia also triggered a similar hypersensitivity reaction.

Findings:

  • Recurrent hypersensitivity reactions to lidocaine were observed following subconjunctival injection and local anesthesia.
  • Patch testing for lidocaine yielded negative results, highlighting potential limitations in allergy diagnosis.
  • Clinical presentation included significant palpebral swelling, erythema, blistering, and scaling.

Implications:

  • This case suggests that hypersensitivity to lidocaine can manifest after subconjunctival administration.
  • Negative patch tests do not exclude lidocaine allergy, especially when clinical signs recur upon re-exposure.
  • Ester-type local anesthetics may be a safer alternative for patients with suspected lidocaine hypersensitivity in ophthalmic practice.