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Related Experiment Videos

What can we learn by squeezing a liquid?

R Casalini1, S Capaccioli, C M Roland

  • 1Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6120, Washington, D.C. 20375-5342, George Mason University, Fairfax Virginia 22030, USA. casalini@ccs.nrl.navy.mil

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|June 15, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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This study reveals that relaxation times in glass-formers follow a universal master curve, simplifying the understanding of material dynamics across different temperatures and volumes.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding the dynamics of glass-forming liquids is crucial for materials science.
  • Relaxation times (tau) are key parameters characterizing these dynamics.
  • Previous models often predict divergences in relaxation times below the glass transition temperature (Tg).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a universal model for relaxation times in glass-formers.
  • To accurately fit experimental data without unphysical divergences.
  • To identify material-independent scaling laws for dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of relaxation times (tau) as a function of temperature (T) and specific volume (upsilon).
  • Collapse of data onto a master curve using the scaling parameter T*upsilon^(gamma).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Correlation of isochoric fragility (mV) with the material constant gamma.
  • Fitting experimental data with a novel three-parameter function.

    • Main Results:

    • Relaxation times collapse to a master curve tau(T,upsilon) vs T*upsilon^(gamma).
    • Isochoric fragility (mV) is inversely correlated with the material constant gamma.
    • A three-parameter function accurately fits tau(T,upsilon) data for various glass-formers without divergence below Tg.
    • Normalization by gamma reveals a universal power law for dynamics.

    Conclusions:

    • A universal scaling law for glass-former dynamics has been established.
    • The proposed model accurately describes supercooled dynamics without unphysical divergences.
    • The material constant gamma plays a significant role in universal dynamics.