Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 7, 2026

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

Immunogenicity of cytopathic and noncytopathic viral vectors

Gabriela Plesa1, Philip M McKenna, Matthias J Schnell

  • 1Thomas Jefferson University, Kimmel Cancer Center, 233 S. 10th Street, BLSB 730, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

Journal of Virology
|June 16, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Viral infections impact host immunity differently. Cytolytic viruses induced stronger short-term immune responses, but long-term immunity was similar, suggesting compensatory mechanisms balance immune memory.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The differential impact of cytolytic versus noncytolytic viral infections on host immune responses remains poorly understood.
  • Existing research systems have limitations in dissecting these distinct viral infection dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate fundamental aspects of the immune response to cytolytic and noncytolytic viral vectors.
  • To compare host responses using precisely engineered rabies viruses differing by only two amino acids.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized paired cytopathic and noncytopathic rabies virus strains.
  • Assessed cross-priming to CD8(+) T cells (T(CD8)(+)).
  • Evaluated short-term and long-term humoral and cellular immune responses.

Main Results:

  • Greater cytopathic capacity correlated with enhanced cross-priming to T(CD8)(+) cells.
  • Cytolytic viruses elicited more robust short-term humoral and cellular immune responses.
  • Long-term immune responses to both viral types were comparable.

Conclusions:

  • Direct priming appears to be the primary driver of the T(CD8)(+) anti-rabies response.
  • Enhanced acute responses from cytolytic viruses are counterbalanced by factors like prolonged antigen expression in noncytolytic infections.
  • Compensatory mechanisms likely ensure comparable immunologic memory across diverse pathogens.

More Related Videos

Simultaneous Quantification of Anti-vector and Anti-transgene-Specific CD8+ T Cells Via MHC I Tetramer Staining After Vaccination with a Viral Vector08:10

Simultaneous Quantification of Anti-vector and Anti-transgene-Specific CD8+ T Cells Via MHC I Tetramer Staining After Vaccination with a Viral Vector

Published on: November 28, 2018

Related Concept Videos

Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...