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Lifetime reproductive success and density-dependent, multi-variable resource selection.

Philip D McLoughlin1, Mark S Boyce, Tim Coulson

  • 1University of Saskatchewan, Department of Biology Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada. mcloughlin@sask.usask.ca

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|June 17, 2006
PubMed
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Female red deer (Cervus elaphus) balance resource quality with social density to maximize lifetime reproductive success (LRS). Optimal foraging involves trade-offs between high-quality grasslands and avoiding high conspecific density for greater LRS.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Individuals are predicted to maximize lifetime reproductive success (LRS) by selecting optimal resources.
  • Ecological and social factors can prevent individuals from consistently accessing the highest-quality resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the association between LRS and individual resource selection functions (RSFs) in red deer.
  • To investigate how resource quality and social density influence reproductive success.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized individual-based resource selection functions (RSFs) to model lifetime resource selection.
  • Analyzed data from 267 female red deer on the Isle of Rum, Scotland (1970-2001).
  • Quantified the relationship between RSF coefficients and lifetime reproductive success (LRS).

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Main Results:

  • LRS was significantly associated with selection for Agrostis/Festuca grassland and proximity to the coast.
  • Forage quality in grasslands was highest near the coast, benefiting LRS.
  • Increased conspecific density, also highest near the coast, negatively impacted LRS, creating a trade-off.

Conclusions:

  • Red deer reproductive success is influenced by a balance between selecting high-quality forage and avoiding high population density.
  • The spatial distribution of red deer abundance is linked to these resource selection trade-offs.
  • The approach has potential applications in evolutionary and applied ecology for understanding population dynamics.