Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Immune responses in kala-azar.

Samiran Saha1, Smriti Mondal, Antara Banerjee

  • 1Infectious Diseases Group, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|June 17, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Human Leishmania infections cause varied disease outcomes by evading immune defenses. This review details immune responses in visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar), focusing on Th1/Th2 balance and diagnostic/vaccine development.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A novel Vδ1 engager targeting CD19 enhances human Vδ1 γδ T cell responses against CLL and CD19+ hematological malignancies.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same author

Selegiline, a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor as a modulator of metabolic reprogramming for cancer therapy: a review.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2026
Same author

Peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells in osteochondral repair: a perspective on emerging insights and future directions.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
Same author

Therapeutic applications of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome in chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer: A recent update.

Molecular immunology·2026
Same author

Editorial: Mesenchymal stem cells and derived extracellular vesicles as next-generation biological drugs for tissue regeneration.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2026
Same author

Visible-light-induced (hetero)aryl-heteroaryl bond-forming reactions.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Human Leishmania infections present diverse clinical outcomes due to parasite immune evasion strategies within macrophages.
  • Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is crucial for protection, but Leishmania survival tactics suppress CMI, exacerbated by co-infections like HIV and tuberculosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review immune mechanisms in human leishmaniasis, with a focus on visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar).
  • To re-evaluate factors regulating Th1/Th2 responses and discuss co-infections.
  • To present diagnostic and vaccine development efforts.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on human leishmaniasis and immune responses.
  • Analysis of humoral and cell-mediated immune modulations in various infection stages and post-treatment.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of host-parasite interactions and immune evasion strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Leishmania parasites employ sophisticated strategies to evade host immune defenses, leading to diverse clinical manifestations.
    • Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) involves complex modulations of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
    • Co-infections, particularly with HIV, significantly impact disease progression and immune responses.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding immune regulation, especially the Th1/Th2 balance, is critical for managing leishmaniasis.
    • Diagnostic tools and anti-leishmanial vaccines are being developed by leveraging immunogenic parasite antigens.
    • Further research into host-parasite interactions is essential for effective control and treatment strategies.