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Parvovirus B19 infection in children with acute illness and rash

Chulabhorn Pruksachatkunakorn1, Nisarat Apichartpiyakul, Kittika Kanjanaratanakorn

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. cpruksac@mail.med.cmu.ac.th

Pediatric Dermatology
|June 20, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Parvovirus B19, a virus causing various skin conditions, was studied in 110 children with acute illness and rash. Recent parvovirus B19 infection was found in only three patients, indicating it

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Dermatology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Parvovirus B19 is linked to several cutaneous conditions like erythema infectiosum and papular purpuric gloves-and-socks syndrome.
  • It is also associated with dermatologic conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in children presenting with acute illness and rash.
  • To determine the role of parvovirus B19 as a cause of acute rash in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study was conducted on 110 children with acute illness and rash at a university teaching hospital.
  • Sera were analyzed for immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibodies against human parvovirus B19 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  • Paired and single serum samples were collected and tested.

Main Results:

  • Out of 110 children, three patients with paired serum samples showed recent parvovirus B19 infection, presenting with erythema infectiosum, urticaria, and lupus erythematosus.
  • Immunoglobulin G antibodies against parvovirus B19 were detected in 28.2% of 103 tested children.
  • The overall incidence of recent parvovirus B19 infection in children with acute illness and rash was low.

Conclusions:

  • Parvovirus B19 is not a common cause of acute illness and rash in the studied pediatric population.
  • Further research may be needed to understand the full spectrum of parvovirus B19-associated dermatologic manifestations in children.

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