Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 7, 2026

Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies
09:15

Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies

Published on: March 23, 2018

Minimally modified electronegative LDL and its autoantibodies in acute and chronic coronary syndromes

Jair A Oliveira1, Alex Sevanian, Ricardo J Rodrigues

  • 1Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Brazil.

Clinical Biochemistry
|June 20, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Electronegative LDL (LDL-) and its autoantibodies are elevated in patients with coronary syndromes, indicating their potential as biomarkers for cardiovascular risk. Higher LDL- levels were observed in acute myocardial infarction patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Coronary syndromes are associated with specific lipoprotein modifications.
  • Electronegative LDL (LDL-) is a modified form of LDL implicated in atherosclerosis.
  • Autoantibodies against LDL- may play a role in the immune response to cardiovascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify electronegative LDL (LDL-) levels in patients with acute and chronic coronary syndromes.
  • To measure autoantibodies against LDL- (anti-LDL- IgG) in these patient groups.
  • To compare these markers in patients with coronary disease versus healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine LDL- and anti-LDL- IgG concentrations.
  • Patients were categorized into acute coronary syndromes (ACS), chronic coronary syndromes (CCS), and control groups.
  • Levels were expressed as median concentrations (microg/mL for LDL- and OD405 nm for anti-LDL- IgG).

Main Results:

  • LDL- concentrations were significantly higher in patients with coronary disease (ACS: 40.7 microg/mL; CCS: 35.0 microg/mL) compared to controls (21.6 microg/mL).
  • The highest LDL- levels were observed in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI: 41.8 microg/mL).
  • Anti-LDL- IgG levels were elevated in ACS (1.143) compared to CCS (0.527) and controls (0.467), with a positive correlation to CRP levels (r = 0.34, p <0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Electronegative LDL (LDL-) and its autoantibodies (anti-LDL- IgG) are elevated in patients with coronary syndromes.
  • These markers may serve as valuable indicators for monitoring patients at high risk of coronary events.
  • Further research can explore their utility in risk stratification and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.
Abstract

Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...