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Updated: Aug 7, 2026

Continuous Venous-Arterial Doppler Ultrasound During a Preload Challenge
Published on: January 20, 2023
[Study of continuous hemodynamics monitoring techniques in patients with mechanical ventilation]
Na-xin Zhang1, Ying-zhi Qin, Lei Xu
1Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China.
Objective:
To elucidate the relativity among three kinds of continuous hemodynamics monitoring techniques: thermodilution via Swan-Ganz catheter, pulse contour analysis method (PiCCO), partial CO(2) rebreathing method (non invasive cardiac output, NICO), in patients with mechanical ventilation.
Methods:
In 13 patients with respiratory failure due to different causes, hemodynamics were continuously monitored with Swan-Ganz catheterization, PiCCO, NICO simultaneously. The therapeutic measures and the type of ventilator were similar. Data were collected at the same time points to compare the relativity among these three kinds of monitor.
Results:
Linear relative analysis showed a good relativity in PiCCO/Swan-Ganz (r=0.883), NICO/Swan-Ganz (r=0.853) and PiCCO/NICO (r=0.857) in cardiac index (CI).
Conclusion:
PiCCO and NICO can be used as reliable measure to monitor ventilated patients bedside in intensive care unit (ICU), thus offering an assistance to optimize therapeutic strategy.
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