nDsbD: a redox interaction hub in the Escherichia coli periplasm

DsbD is a redox-active protein of the inner Escherichia coli membrane possessing an N-terminal (nDsbD) and a C-terminal (cDsbD) periplasmic domain. nDsbD interacts with four different redox proteins involved in the periplasmic disulfide isomerization and in the cytochrome c maturation systems. We review here the studies that led to the structural characterization of all soluble DsbD domains involved and, most importantly, of trapped disulfide intermediate complexes of nDsbD with three of its four redox partners. These results revealed the structural features enabling nDsbD, a 'redox hub' with an immunoglobulin-like fold, to interact efficiently with its different thioredoxin-like partners.