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Staphylococcal enterotoxin D production by Staphylococcus aureus FRI 100.

N M Kauffman1, R F Roberts

  • 1Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.

Journal of Food Protection
|June 22, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Staphylococcus aureus FRI 100, a common control for staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), produces a variant of staphylococcal enterotoxin D (SED). This variant is detected by PCR and has immunological activity, necessitating confirmation of PCR results.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus FRI 100 is frequently utilized as a control strain in assays for staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA).
  • The application of PCR-based methods for enterotoxin detection revealed that FRI 100 yields positive results for both SEA and staphylococcal enterotoxin D (SED).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the production of SED by Staphylococcus aureus FRI 100.
  • To characterize the genetic basis of SED production in FRI 100.
  • To evaluate the implications of FRI 100's characteristics for PCR-based detection methods.

Main Methods:

  • Culture supernatants were analyzed using the TECRA staphylococcal enterotoxin visual immunoassay.
  • The sed gene was amplified by PCR and subsequently sequenced.

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  • Genetic analysis focused on identifying mutations and deletions within the sed gene and their impact on the protein structure.

    • Main Results:

    • Staphylococcal enterotoxin D (SED) was confirmed in culture supernatants of FRI 100 after 24 hours of growth.
    • Sequencing of the sed-like gene revealed four point mutations and two deletions compared to previously characterized genes.
    • These genetic alterations result in a truncated SED-like protein, coding for only the first 150 amino acids followed by a stop codon.

    Conclusions:

    • Staphylococcus aureus FRI 100 produces a variant form of SED with immunological activity, due to specific mutations in its sed-like gene.
    • The sed-like gene in FRI 100 is detectable by commonly used PCR primers, potentially leading to misidentification.
    • It is crucial to confirm PCR-based enterotoxin detection results using immunological techniques, especially when using FRI 100 as a control strain.