Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 7, 2026

In Silico Clinical Trials for Cardiovascular Disease
Published on: May 27, 2022
[How I explore...outcomes in clinical trials: comments about recent studies of cardiovascular prevention]
1Université de Liège, Service de Diabétologie, Nutrition et Maladies métaboliques, Unité de Pharmacologie clinique, Département de Médicine.
Abstract:
The comparison of two therapeutic interventions requires the use of endpoints in randomized clinical trials, which supports evidence-based medicine. It is preferable to consider hard endpoints, such as major clinical events and mortality rather than biological or surrogate endpoints. In large cardiovascular prevention trials, it is now well accepted to analyze primary and secondary endpoints as well as to use combined clinical endpoints. Such composite endpoints offer the advantage of increasing the number of events, but have the disadvantage of diluting the therapeutic effect and of exposing to possible bias. We discuss this crucial issue at the light of controversial results from a few recent important cardiovascular prevention trials.
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