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Gastrointestinal stromal tumour: spiral computed tomography features and pathologic correlation
T Da Ronch1, A Modesto, M Bazzocchi
1Istituto di Radiologia, Policlinico Universitario, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy. tdaronch@sirm.org
La Radiologia Medica
|June 23, 2006
Summary
Helical computed tomography (CT) accurately identifies gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST). Larger GISTs (>5 cm) often show extraluminal growth and inhomogeneous enhancement, but CT size alone cannot determine malignancy risk.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Oncology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Accurate diagnosis and characterization of GIST are crucial for treatment planning and prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of helical computed tomography (CT) in identifying, characterizing, and assessing the extent of GIST.
- To correlate CT findings with pathological features of GIST.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of abdominal CT scans from 15 patients with histologically confirmed GIST.
- Correlation of CT findings (site, morphology, size, enhancement, calcifications, extraluminal growth) with pathological data (site, size, tissue components, malignancy risk).
Main Results:
- Substantial concordance between CT and pathology for GIST site, morphology, size, and absence of calcifications.
- GISTs >5 cm frequently exhibited extraluminal growth and inhomogeneous enhancement, indicative of malignancy.
- CT size was insufficient to determine the degree of malignancy; metastases indicated intermediate or high risk.
Conclusions:
- Helical CT is reliable for GIST identification and characterization.
- CT findings like extraluminal growth and inhomogeneous enhancement in larger GISTs (>5 cm) suggest higher malignancy.
- While metastases are indicators of risk, their absence does not rule out lower-risk GIST categories.
