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Food allergen detection with biosensor immunoassays.

Ingrid Malmheden Yman1, Anders Eriksson, M Annette Johansson

  • 1National Food Administration, PO Box 622, SE-751 26 Uppsala, Sweden. ingrid.malmheden.yman@slv.se

Journal of AOAC International
|June 24, 2006
PubMed
Summary

This study presents an optical biosensor for detecting food allergens like milk, egg, and peanut. The biosensor offers sensitive and selective allergen detection in food samples, comparable to existing methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Food allergies are a significant public health concern, necessitating accurate detection methods for common allergens.
  • Existing immunoassay techniques for food allergen detection can be complex and time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an optical biosensor for the direct and sandwich immunoassay detection of multiple food allergens.
  • To assess the sensitivity, selectivity, and comparability of the biosensor assay with established methods.

Main Methods:

  • Immobilization of affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies onto an optical biosensor chip.
  • Detection of target food proteins (milk, egg, hazelnut, peanut, shellfish, sesame) via resonance angle shift.
  • Application of direct and sandwich immunoassay formats to enhance assay performance.

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Main Results:

  • The optical biosensor successfully detected target food allergens in various food samples.
  • Sensitivity achieved was as low as 1-12.5 microg/g for different allergens.
  • Sandwich assays demonstrated enhanced sensitivity and selectivity by overcoming matrix effects.
  • Results showed good agreement with alternative immunoassay techniques (rocket immunoelectrophoresis, enzyme immunoassay, immunoblotting).

Conclusions:

  • The developed optical biosensor provides a sensitive and selective method for detecting multiple food allergens.
  • The biosensor's performance is comparable to highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).
  • This technique offers a promising alternative for rapid and reliable food allergen analysis.