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Postnatal developmental changes in CO2 sensitivity in rats.

S E Davis1, G Solhied, M Castillo

  • 1Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, USA.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|June 24, 2006
PubMed
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Carbon dioxide (CO2) sensitivity in young rats changes significantly with age, showing high plasticity that varies by strain. This developmental shift impacts ventilatory responses during maturation.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Respiratory Science

Background:

  • Adult Brown Norway (BN) rats exhibit significantly lower ventilatory sensitivity to carbon dioxide (CO2) compared to Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Dahl S (SS) rats.
  • Understanding the developmental trajectory of CO2 sensitivity is crucial for comprehending respiratory control maturation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental changes in CO2 sensitivity in BN, SD, and SS rat strains.
  • To determine if strain-specific differences in adult CO2 sensitivity are established during postnatal development.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were exposed to 7% inspired CO2 from postnatal day (P) 0 to P30 every third day.
  • Pulmonary ventilation (Ve) was measured using plethysmography.
  • CO2 sensitivity was assessed by changes in Ve during hypercapnia relative to eucapnia.

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Main Results:

  • From P0 to P14, CO2 exposure increased Ve by 25-50% in BN and SD, and 25-200% in SS rats.
  • Around P15, CO2 sensitivity increased in all strains, peaking at P19-21 (Ve 175-225% above eucapnia).
  • At P30, BN rats showed a 100% greater CO2 response than adults, while SS and SD responses were near adult levels. Minimal strain differences were observed at P21 and P30.

Conclusions:

  • CO2-sensing mechanisms and downstream pathways undergo significant maturation around P15 in rats.
  • Rat CO2 sensitivity exhibits substantial age-dependent plasticity, with notable inter-strain variations.
  • Developmental changes in CO2 sensitivity are strain-specific and contribute to adult ventilatory control differences.