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Related Experiment Videos

Delayed timeout as a procedure for reducing disruptive classroom behavior: a case study.

E Ramp1, R Ulrich, S Dulaney

  • 1University of Kansas.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
|October 1, 1971
PubMed
Summary
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A visual cue, a desk light, effectively reduced a child's disruptive behavior by signaling loss of free time. Simple instructions alone were ineffective, highlighting the power of immediate consequences.

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Psychology
  • Child Psychology
  • Applied Behavior Analysis

Background:

  • Disruptive behavior in children can significantly impact learning and social interactions.
  • Traditional disciplinary methods, such as verbal instructions, may not always be effective in modifying behavior.
  • Understanding the efficacy of visual cues and immediate consequences is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effectiveness of a visual cue system in reducing disruptive behavior in a 9-year-old boy.
  • To compare the impact of a visual cue linked to loss of free time versus instructions alone.
  • To assess the reversibility of the behavioral change when the cueing system is removed.

Main Methods:

  • A single-subject research design was employed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • A visual cue (desk light illumination) was used to signal the contingent loss of free time for disruptive behavior.
  • Baseline, intervention, and reversal phases were implemented to evaluate the cue's effect.

    • Main Results:

    • Illuminating the desk light, signifying loss of free time, successfully eliminated disruptive behavior.
    • Verbal instructions alone did not lead to a significant reduction in disruptive behavior.
    • Disruptive behavior returned to baseline levels when the light cue and associated consequence were removed.

    Conclusions:

    • Visual cues linked to immediate, negative consequences can be a highly effective tool for behavior modification in children.
    • This method offers a practical alternative to verbal reprimands, particularly when instructions are insufficient.
    • The study underscores the importance of clear, immediate, and consistent consequences in shaping behavior.