Three-dimensional accuracy of implant placement in a computer-assisted navigation system

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Surgical Navigation Systems
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Accurate placement of dental implants is crucial for successful outcomes.
• Computer-assisted navigation (CAN) systems offer potential for enhanced precision in implant surgery.
• Evaluating the 3-dimensional accuracy of CAN systems in simulated surgical environments is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the 3-dimensional accuracy of dental implant drilling using a computer-assisted navigation (CAN) system.
• To evaluate the precision of entry point localization, drill path angulation, and drilling depth in simulated mandible models.

Main Methods:

• Eight acrylic resin mandible models with simulated mandibular canals (MC) were used.
• Computerized tomography (CT) scans were performed for 3D planning.
• Drill holes were created using the CAN system and assessed for accuracy by sectioning the models.

Main Results:

• Mean deviation for entry point localization was 0.43 mm, and for angulation was 4.0 degrees.
• 65% of drill holes were within 1 mm of the planned superior border of the MC.
• 30% of drill holes perforated the MC, with a mean perforation depth of 0.37 mm.

Conclusions:

• The CAN system demonstrated acceptable accuracy for entry point and angulation in dental implant drilling.
• A significant percentage of perforations into the MC occurred, emphasizing the need for cautious planning.
• A safety margin of at least 1.1 mm above the MC superior border is recommended during the planning phase.