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Audiovestibular dysfunction in alcohol dependence. Are we worried?

Roshan K Verma1, Naresh K Panda, Debasish Basu

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

American Journal of Otolaryngology
|June 27, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Long-term alcohol dependence significantly impacts hearing, causing elevated high-frequency thresholds and abnormal auditory brainstem responses. Vertigo in these patients may indicate abnormal electronystagmography (ENG) findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Otolaryngology
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Alcohol dependence is a global health concern.
  • Chronic alcohol use is known to affect various organ systems.
  • The specific impact of long-term alcohol dependence on audiovestibular function requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate audiovestibular function in patients with long-term alcohol dependence.
  • To compare these functions with those of social alcohol users and complete abstainers.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 20 patients diagnosed with long-term alcohol dependence.
  • Audiovestibular function was assessed using pure-tone audiometry and brainstem-evoked response audiometry.
  • Electronystagmography (ENG) was performed to evaluate vestibular function.

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Main Results:

  • Alcohol-dependent patients exhibited statistically significant elevations in hearing thresholds at higher frequencies (4000 and 8000 Hz).
  • Auditory brainstem response testing revealed prolonged latencies of waves I, III, and V, and interpeak latencies.
  • One-third of alcohol-dependent patients showed abnormal ENG findings, particularly those experiencing vertigo.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated high-frequency hearing thresholds can be an isolated finding in alcohol dependence.
  • Vertigo in alcohol-dependent individuals may correlate with abnormal ENG results.
  • No significant correlation was found between the duration of alcohol dependence and ENG abnormalities.