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Tick-borne encephalitis in eastern France.

Yves Hansmann1, Jean Pierre Gut, Veronique Remy

  • 1Clinique Médicale A-Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Colmar, France.

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|June 27, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is endemic in Alsace, France. This study identified two main endemic areas and a potential third emerging zone, with most patients experiencing meningitis or meningoencephalitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) cases occur annually in Alsace, France, near the western edge of its endemic zone.
  • Understanding TBE epidemiology is crucial for public health management in the region.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a retrospective epidemiological and clinical study of TBE infections in Alsace.
  • To identify and characterize endemic TBE zones within the region.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of serological IgM-positive TBE samples from Institut de Virologie, Strasbourg.
  • Collection of clinical, epidemiological, and biological data from patient medical files.
  • Geographical mapping of TBE cases to identify endemic areas.

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Main Results:

  • Identified 64 TBE cases between 1968 and the study period, occurring from April to November.
  • Flu-like symptoms preceded neurological symptoms in 56% of cases.
  • Meningitis (54%) and meningoencephalitis (34%) were the most common clinical presentations; no deaths were reported.
  • Two primary endemic zones identified: Guebwiller valley and Neuhof forest.
  • A potential third emerging zone noted in the Munster valley in recent years.

Conclusions:

  • Alsace harbors at least two established endemic zones for TBE.
  • A third potential endemic zone is emerging in the Munster valley.
  • Continued surveillance is necessary to monitor TBE's evolving geographical distribution in Alsace.