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Updated: Aug 7, 2026
Detection and Isolation of Cancer in Prostate Biopsies Using Stimulated Raman Histology and Artificial Intelligence
Published on: June 10, 2025
Improved prostate cancer detection with a human kallikrein 11 and percentage free PSA-based artificial neural network
Carsten Stephan1, Hellmuth-Alexander Meyer, Henning Cammann
1Department of Urology, University Hospital Charité, D-10098 Berlin, Germany. carsten.stephan@charite.de
Abstract:
Human kallikrein 11 (hK11) was evaluated in a percentage free PSA-based artificial neural network (ANN) to reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies. Serum samples from 357 patients with (n=132) and without (n=225) prostate cancer (PCa) were analyzed and ANN models were constructed and compared to all parameters. The discriminatory power of hK11 was lower than that of PSA, but receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses demonstrated significantly larger areas under the curves for the ANN compared to all other parameters. ANNs with hK11 may lead to a further reduction in unnecessary prostate biopsies, especially when analyzing patients with less than 15% free PSA.
