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Structural stabilization of CNS synapses during postnatal development in rat cortex.

Zin Z Khaing1, Lazar Fidler, Nina Nandy

  • 1Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York 10029, USA.

Journal of Neurochemistry
|June 30, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Synapse development involves changes in biochemical properties. Young synapses are sensitive to calcium and trypsin, while adult synapses become resistant, indicating long-term modification and stabilization.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Central nervous system (CNS) synapses form rapidly but their composition evolves during development.
  • Changes in synaptic composition may alter gross biochemical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental changes in biochemical properties of CNS synapses.
  • To evaluate the divalent cation dependence and trypsin sensitivity of synapses across different developmental stages.

Main Methods:

  • Used synaptosomes from developing and adult rat cortex and adult hippocampus.
  • Assessed synaptic stability using EDTA (chelates divalent cations) and trypsin digestion.
  • Compared trypsin and calcium ion effects on synaptic junctions at different postnatal days (P10, P35, P49) and in adult hippocampus (P50).

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Main Results:

  • Adult cortical synapses were resistant to trypsin, unlike previous observations.
  • At P10, EDTA removed ~60% of synapses, and trypsin/EDTA removed all.
  • Trypsin with calcium removed ~60% of P10 synapses.
  • Synapses became calcium-independent by P35 and fully trypsin-resistant by P49.
  • Adult hippocampus synapses showed properties similar to P35 cortex synapses.

Conclusions:

  • Synapses undergo significant biochemical modification over an extended period during cortical development.
  • A model is proposed where synergistic calcium-dependent and -independent adhesion systems stabilize synapses over time.